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Annex A: all 93 controls

Each card includes the playbook evidence and policy/document recommendations. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 groups its reference controls into four themes: Organizational (5.1–5.37), People (6.1–6.8), Physical (7.1–7.14) and Technological (8.1–8.34).

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Showing 93 of 93 controls

A.5.1Organizational

Policies for information security

Write a top-level security policy plus topic policies, get management to approve them, and share them with staff.

Practical tip

Keep policies short and review them yearly or after big changes.

Control description

Information security policy and topic-specific policies shall be defined, approved by management, published, communicated to and acknowledged by relevant personnel and relevant interested parties, and reviewed at planned intervals and if significant changes occur.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your information security policy, signed off by senior management and dated.
  2. Your other security policies (for example access control, backup, acceptable use), each with an owner, version number and next review date.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.1 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. Proof that staff have read and accepted the policies, such as sign-off records or acknowledgements.
  5. Evidence that each policy was reviewed on schedule, such as a review date and change notes.
  6. Where staff can find the policies, such as an intranet page or onboarding pack.
  7. Staff should be able to tell you where the policies live and name a few rules that apply to their job.
Policies & documents

Information Security Policy and topic-specific policies

View full guide
A.5.2Organizational

Information security roles and responsibilities

Make it clear who is responsible for which security tasks.

Practical tip

A simple RACI table beats long job descriptions.

Control description

Information security roles and responsibilities shall be defined and allocated according to the organization needs.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. A document listing the security roles in your organization and what each person is responsible for.
  2. Job descriptions for key roles that mention their security duties.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.2 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. An up-to-date organization chart showing who holds each security role.
  5. Proof people accepted their roles, such as an appointment email or meeting notes.
  6. Each person in a security role should be able to explain what they are responsible for.
Policies & documents
  1. Information Security Roles and Responsibility Policy
  2. ISMS roles, responsibilities and authorities document
  3. Risk Management Policy
View full guide
A.5.3Organizational

Segregation of duties

Split conflicting tasks so one person cannot both do and approve something risky.

Practical tip

In small teams, use peer review and logging as a compensating control.

Control description

Conflicting duties and conflicting areas of responsibility shall be segregated.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your access control policy, stating that conflicting tasks are split between different people (segregation of duties).
  2. A simple table showing which tasks must not be done by the same person, such as requesting and approving a payment.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.3 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. A few recent payments, changes or user setups showing one person asked and a different person approved.
  5. A list of who has access to sensitive processes, showing no one person can do everything alone.
  6. Be able to show how your systems stop someone from approving their own request.
Policies & documents

Human Resource Security Policy

View full guide
A.5.4Organizational

Management responsibilities

Managers must make sure their people actually follow security policies.

Practical tip

Add security to team meetings and performance check-ins.

Control description

Management shall require all personnel to apply information security in accordance with the established information security policy, topic-specific policies and procedures of the organization.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your information security policy with a clear statement that management expects everyone to follow it.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.4 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Management messages or meeting notes reminding staff about security.
  4. Training completion records showing managers make sure their teams finish required training.
  5. Staff objectives or reviews that include security expectations, where you use them.
  6. Managers should be able to explain how they encourage and check good security habits in their team.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
  3. Information Security Roles and Responsibilities Policy
View full guide
A.5.5Organizational

Contact with authorities

Know how and when to contact regulators, police and other authorities.

Practical tip

Keep an up-to-date contact list next to your incident plan.

Control description

The organization shall establish and maintain contact with relevant authorities.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. A contact list for the authorities you may need to reach (police, regulators, the data protection authority), with phone numbers and email addresses.
  2. A short note on when you must contact them, such as reporting a data breach within a set time.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.5 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. Proof the contact list was checked recently.
  5. Records of any contact made with authorities during incidents.
  6. Be able to say who is responsible for contacting the authorities and when.
Policies & documents

Incident Response Plan

View full guide
A.5.6Organizational

Contact with special interest groups

Stay connected to security forums and industry groups to learn about threats.

Practical tip

Subscribe to your national CERT and a sector ISAC newsletter.

Control description

The organization shall establish and maintain contact with special interest groups or other specialist security forums and professional associations.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. A list of security groups, forums or professional bodies your organization belongs to or follows.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.6 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Membership confirmations, newsletter subscriptions or event attendance records.
  4. An example of useful information from these groups that was shared or acted on.
  5. Be able to explain how information from these groups is used.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Information Security Roles and Responsibilities Policy
View full guide
A.5.7Organizational

Threat intelligence

Collect and analyse information about threats relevant to you and act on it.

Practical tip

Start small: one feed, reviewed monthly, with actions logged.

Control description

Information relating to information security threats shall be collected and analyzed to produce threat intelligence.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. A short procedure for threat intelligence (information about current threats): which sources you use, who reviews them and what happens next.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.7 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of threat information received, such as national security advisories or supplier security notices.
  4. A few examples showing a threat was checked for relevance and any action was tracked to completion.
  5. Updates to your risk register prompted by new threats.
  6. Be able to explain how you decide whether a threat matters to you.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Information Security Roles and Responsibilities Policy
View full guide
A.5.8Organizational

Information security in project management

Build security into every project from the start.

Practical tip

Add a security checklist to your project kickoff template.

Control description

Information security shall be integrated into project management.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your project process or templates showing security is considered at the start, during and before go-live.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.8 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. One or two recent projects with a completed security risk check or security requirements.
  4. Go-live sign-offs showing security actions were completed.
  5. A project manager should be able to explain how security is built into projects.
Policies & documents

Risk Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.9Organizational

Inventory of information and other associated assets

Keep a list of your information and the assets that hold it, each with an owner.

Practical tip

A well-maintained spreadsheet is fine to begin with.

Control description

An inventory of information and other associated assets, including owners, shall be developed and maintained.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your asset management policy.
  2. Your asset inventory: a list of your information, devices, software and services, each with an owner.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.9 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. Proof the inventory was reviewed and updated recently.
  5. Evidence that new assets are added and old ones removed, such as recent entries for new laptops and disposed equipment.
  6. A spot check showing items on the list really exist, and items in use are on the list.
  7. Be able to show how a new device or system gets added to the inventory.
Policies & documents

Asset Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.10Organizational

Acceptable use of information and other associated assets

Set rules for how people may use company information and equipment.

Practical tip

Get staff to acknowledge the acceptable use policy at onboarding.

Control description

Rules for the acceptable use and procedures for handling information and other associated assets shall be identified, documented and implemented.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your acceptable use policy: the rules for using company information and equipment.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.10 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Proof that staff and contractors have accepted the rules.
  4. Records of any misuse cases and how they were dealt with.
  5. A list of managed devices or accounts showing equipment is used as the rules say.
  6. Staff should be able to name a few key rules, such as not sharing passwords.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Data Management Policy
  3. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.5.11Organizational

Return of assets

Get company assets back when someone leaves or changes role.

Practical tip

Link asset return to your leaver checklist.

Control description

Personnel and other interested parties as appropriate shall return all the organization’s assets in their possession upon change or termination of their employment, contract or agreement.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your leaver checklist, including returning equipment and access cards.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.11 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of people who left in the last 12 months, with proof their equipment was returned.
  4. Follow-up records for anything not returned, such as remotely locking a laptop.
  5. Be able to explain who checks that items are returned and how.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Human Resource Security Policy
  3. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.5.12Organizational

Classification of information

Label information by how sensitive it is so people know how to protect it.

Practical tip

Three or four levels (e.g. Public, Internal, Confidential) are enough.

Control description

Information shall be classified according to the information security needs of the organization based on confidentiality, integrity, availability and relevant interested party requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your classification policy: the levels you use (for example Public, Internal, Confidential) and what goes in each.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.12 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of information with its classification recorded, such as in the asset inventory.
  4. Proof classifications are reviewed from time to time.
  5. Staff should be able to explain the levels and give an example of each.
Policies & documents

Data Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.13Organizational

Labelling of information

Apply visible or metadata labels matching your classification scheme.

Practical tip

Use document templates and email tools that add labels automatically.

Control description

An appropriate set of procedures for information labelling shall be developed and implemented in accordance with the information classification scheme adopted by the organization.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Simple instructions on how to label information at each classification level (paper, documents, email).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.13 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of labelled documents, reports or shared folders.
  4. Examples of labelled printed or removable media where relevant.
  5. Be able to show labelling in everyday use, such as a 'Confidential' footer.
Policies & documents

Data Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.14Organizational

Information transfer

Protect information when you send it by any means: email, file share, paper or verbal.

Practical tip

Define approved transfer tools and ban the rest.

Control description

Information transfer rules, procedures, or agreements shall be in place for all types of transfer facilities within the organization and between the organization and other parties.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your information transfer policy: approved ways to share information by email, file sharing, post and phone.
  2. Agreements with partners you regularly exchange data with, including security terms.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.14 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. A few recent examples of confidential data sent outside the company using an approved, protected method.
  5. Courier or tracked delivery records for physical media, if used.
  6. Be able to show how you send a confidential file to a customer or supplier.
Policies & documents

Third-Party Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.15Organizational

Access control

Set rules for who can access what, based on business need.

Practical tip

Write down the 'least privilege' and 'need to know' principles explicitly.

Control description

Rules to control physical and logical access to information and other associated assets shall be established and implemented based on business and information security requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your access control policy, showing who is allowed to access what, based on 'only what you need for your job'.
  2. A role-based access table showing standard access for each job.
  3. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.15 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  4. A list of users and their access for key systems, matching their roles.
  5. Approval records for recent access requests.
  6. Be able to walk through how someone requests and gets access.
Policies & documents
  1. Access Control Policy
  2. Physical Security Policy
View full guide
A.5.16Organizational

Identity management

Manage the full life cycle of user identities, from creation to removal.

Practical tip

One identity per person; avoid shared accounts.

Control description

The full life cycle of identities shall be managed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for creating, changing and removing user accounts.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.16 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A full user list showing everyone has their own account.
  4. A list of shared or system accounts, each with a named owner and reason.
  5. Examples of recent joiners and leavers showing accounts were created and removed correctly.
  6. Be able to explain how accounts are kept in step with HR changes.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.5.17Organizational

Authentication information

Control how passwords, keys and other secrets are issued and protected.

Practical tip

Mandate a password manager and MFA.

Control description

Allocation and management of authentication information shall be controlled by a management process, including advising personnel on the appropriate handling of authentication information.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your password and login policy, including multi-factor authentication (a second step like a code or app approval).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.17 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Screenshots or exports of system settings showing password and multi-factor rules are switched on.
  4. Proof that new users must change their first password.
  5. Staff acknowledgement that they must keep passwords secret.
  6. Be able to show multi-factor login on your most important systems.
Policies & documents
  1. Access Control Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.5.18Organizational

Access rights

Grant, review, change and remove access rights in a controlled way.

Practical tip

Run quarterly access reviews and keep the evidence.

Control description

Access rights to information and other associated assets shall be provisioned, reviewed, modified and removed in accordance with the organization’s topic-specific policy on and rules for access control.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for giving, changing, reviewing and removing access.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.18 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of everyone who has left in the last 12 months and proof their access was removed on time.
  4. A list of new starters and proof their access was approved and matched their role.
  5. Records of your regular access reviews (who checked what, and what was changed).
  6. Examples of people who changed role, showing old access was removed.
  7. Be able to explain how managers check access during reviews.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.5.19Organizational

Information security in supplier relationships

Manage security risks that come from using suppliers.

Practical tip

Tier suppliers by risk so you focus effort on the critical ones.

Control description

Processes and procedures shall be defined and implemented to manage the information security risks associated with the use of supplier’s products or services.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your supplier security policy: how you check suppliers before using them.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.19 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Your supplier list, marked by how important or risky each one is.
  4. Completed security checks or questionnaires for your key suppliers.
  5. Be able to explain how security is considered when choosing a supplier.
Policies & documents

Third-Party Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.20Organizational

Addressing information security within supplier agreements

Put the necessary security requirements into supplier contracts.

Practical tip

Keep a standard security schedule to attach to contracts.

Control description

Relevant information security requirements shall be established and agreed with each supplier based on the type of supplier relationship.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your standard contract wording for supplier security.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.20 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Signed contracts with key suppliers that include security, confidentiality, breach notification and right-to-audit terms.
  4. Data processing agreements where suppliers handle personal data.
  5. Be able to explain how security terms are agreed with suppliers.
Policies & documents

Third-Party Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.21Organizational

Managing information security in the ICT supply chain

Manage risks in the technology products and services you buy, including their sub-suppliers.

Practical tip

Ask key vendors for their certifications and SBOMs where relevant.

Control description

Processes and procedures shall be defined and implemented to manage the information security risks associated with the ICT products and services supply chain.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for checking technology suppliers, including the suppliers they rely on.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.21 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Security checks for key technology suppliers that cover their own subcontractors.
  4. Records of being told about, or approving, a supplier's subcontractors.
  5. Be able to explain how you judge the risk of new software or services.
Policies & documents

Third-Party Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.22Organizational

Monitoring, review and change management of supplier services

Regularly check suppliers keep their security promises and manage changes.

Practical tip

Review critical suppliers at least annually.

Control description

The organization shall regularly monitor, review, evaluate and manage change in supplier information security practices and service delivery.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for monitoring suppliers and handling changes.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.22 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Notes from regular supplier reviews covering security.
  4. Supplier certificates or independent security reports, with notes showing someone read them.
  5. Records of checking the security impact when a supplier changed its service.
  6. Be able to explain what you do when a supplier falls short.
Policies & documents

Third-Party Management Policy

View full guide
A.5.23Organizational

Information security for use of cloud services

Manage how you acquire, use, manage and exit cloud services securely.

Practical tip

Understand the shared responsibility model for each provider.

Control description

Processes for acquisition, use, management and exit from cloud services shall be established in accordance with the organization’s information security requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your cloud services policy: how you choose, use, manage and leave cloud services.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.23 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of cloud services in use, each with an owner and approval.
  4. Notes on who is responsible for what security tasks (you or the provider) for key services.
  5. Your exit plan for key services: how you would get your data back.
  6. Be able to show the security settings of your most important cloud service.
Policies & documents

Information Security Policy

View full guide
A.5.24Organizational

Information security incident management planning and preparation

Plan how you will handle security incidents, with roles and procedures.

Practical tip

Run a tabletop exercise once a year.

Control description

The organization shall plan and prepare for managing information security incidents by defining, establishing and communicating information security incident management processes, roles and responsibilities.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your incident response plan: who does what, how incidents are reported and the steps to handle them.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.24 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. An up-to-date incident team contact list.
  4. Records of a practice exercise or real incident showing the plan was used.
  5. Incident team members should be able to explain their role.
Policies & documents
  1. Incident Response Plan
  2. Information Security Roles and Responsibilities Policy
View full guide
A.5.25Organizational

Assessment and decision on information security events

Assess security events to decide whether they are incidents.

Practical tip

Use a simple severity matrix for triage.

Control description

The organization shall assess information security events and decide if they are to be categorized as information security incidents.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for deciding whether something is a security incident and how serious it is.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.25 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Your incident or ticket log showing each event was assessed and given a severity.
  4. Notes explaining why some events were not treated as incidents.
  5. Be able to show how a reported event is assessed.
Policies & documents

Incident Response Plan

View full guide
A.5.26Organizational

Response to information security incidents

Respond to incidents according to your documented procedures.

Practical tip

Keep an incident log with timestamps and decisions.

Control description

Information security incidents shall be responded to in accordance with the documented procedures.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your incident handling steps: contain, fix, recover and communicate.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.26 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Your incident log showing what was done and when for recent incidents.
  4. Records of who was told and when.
  5. Be able to walk through how a recent incident was handled.
Policies & documents

Incident Response Plan

View full guide
A.5.27Organizational

Learning from information security incidents

Use lessons from incidents to strengthen your controls.

Practical tip

Hold a blameless post-incident review.

Control description

Knowledge gained from information security incidents shall be used to strengthen and improve the information security controls.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for reviewing incidents afterwards (lessons learned).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.27 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Notes from post-incident reviews, including the root cause.
  4. Proof that follow-up actions happened, such as updated training or new controls.
  5. Be able to explain how lessons are shared with the team.
Policies & documents

Incident Response Plan

View full guide
A.5.28Organizational

Collection of evidence

Collect and preserve evidence about incidents properly.

Practical tip

Document chain of custody for anything that could go to court.

Control description

The organization shall establish and implement procedures for the identification, collection, acquisition and preservation of evidence related to information security events.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Simple instructions for collecting and preserving evidence during an incident (logs, screenshots, emails).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.28 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. An incident record showing evidence was saved before clean-up, with who handled it.
  4. Log retention settings showing logs are kept long enough to investigate.
  5. Be able to explain who may collect evidence and how it is stored.
Policies & documents

Incident Response Plan

View full guide
A.5.29Organizational

Information security during disruption

Keep security at the right level during disruptions and crises.

Practical tip

Make sure emergency workarounds don't bypass key controls.

Control description

The organization shall plan how to maintain information security at an appropriate level during disruption.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your business continuity plan, showing how security stays in place during a disruption.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.29 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Test results that include security checks.
  4. Records from any real disruption showing security was maintained, including emergency access.
  5. Be able to explain how security works when normal systems are down.
Policies & documents

Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan

View full guide
A.5.30Organizational

ICT readiness for business continuity

Make sure your IT can recover in line with business continuity needs.

Practical tip

Test restores and failovers, not just backups.

Control description

ICT readiness shall be planned, implemented, maintained and tested based on business continuity objectives and ICT continuity requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your IT recovery plan, with recovery targets: how fast systems must be back (RTO) and how much data you can afford to lose (RPO).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.30 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Your business impact analysis showing which systems matter most.
  4. Recovery test results showing targets were met.
  5. Actions taken to fix problems found in tests.
  6. IT should be able to explain recovery roles and steps.
Policies & documents
  1. Incident Response Plan
  2. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan
View full guide
A.5.31Organizational

Legal, statutory, regulatory and contractual requirements

Identify and meet the legal and contractual requirements that apply to you.

Practical tip

Maintain a legal register with owners and review dates.

Control description

Legal, statutory, regulatory and contractual requirements relevant to information security and the organization’s approach to meet these requirements shall be identified, documented and kept up to date.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. A list of the laws, regulations and contract requirements that apply to you, each with an owner.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.31 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Proof the list is reviewed regularly.
  4. Examples linking a requirement to the control that meets it.
  5. Be able to explain how you find out about new legal requirements.
Policies & documents
  1. Legal, regulatory and contractual requirements register
View full guide
A.5.32Organizational

Intellectual property rights

Respect intellectual property, including software licences.

Practical tip

Track licences in your asset inventory.

Control description

The organization shall implement appropriate procedures to protect intellectual property rights.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules on software licences and using other people's content.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.32 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Software licence records matching what is installed.
  4. Approval records for installing new software.
  5. Be able to show that only approved software is on devices.
Policies & documents
  1. Legal, regulatory and contractual requirements register
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.5.33Organizational

Protection of records

Protect records from loss, destruction, falsification and unauthorised access.

Practical tip

Define retention periods per record type.

Control description

Records shall be protected from loss, destruction, falsification, unauthorized access and unauthorized release.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your records retention policy: how long each type of record is kept and how it is protected.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.33 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of records kept for the right time and protected from loss or changes.
  4. Records of old information being securely deleted when no longer needed.
  5. Be able to show where key records are stored.
Policies & documents
  1. Document control procedure
  2. Access Control Policy
  3. Data Management Policy
View full guide
A.5.34Organizational

Privacy and protection of PII

Meet privacy laws and protect personal data.

Practical tip

Align with your GDPR/privacy programme rather than duplicating it.

Control description

The organization shall identify and meet the requirements regarding the preservation of privacy and protection of PII according to applicable laws and regulations and contractual requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your privacy policy covering how you protect personal data.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.34 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Your list of personal data processing activities, kept up to date.
  4. Privacy risk assessments for higher-risk uses of personal data.
  5. Records of requests from individuals (for example access or deletion) answered on time.
  6. Your privacy lead should be able to explain how privacy rules are met.
Policies & documents

Legal, regulatory and contractual requirements register

View full guide
A.5.35Organizational

Independent review of information security

Have your security approach reviewed independently at planned intervals.

Practical tip

Internal audit or an external consultant both count.

Control description

The organization’s approach to managing information security and its implementation including people, processes and technologies shall be reviewed independently at planned intervals, or when significant changes occur.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your plan for an independent review of your security programme, by someone outside the work being checked.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.35 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. The latest independent review or audit report, shared with management.
  4. Actions from the review and their progress.
  5. Be able to explain how review results are used.
Policies & documents
  1. Internal audit procedure
  2. Management review procedure
  3. Risk Management Policy
View full guide
A.5.36Organizational

Compliance with policies, rules and standards for information security

Check regularly that people and systems follow your security rules.

Practical tip

Use automated compliance checks where possible.

Control description

Compliance with the organization’s information security policy, topic-specific policies, rules and standards shall be regularly reviewed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your approach to checking that people follow security policies.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.36 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records of compliance checks, such as spot checks or technical scans.
  4. Records of problems found and how they were fixed.
  5. Managers should be able to explain how they check their area.
Policies & documents
  1. Internal audit procedure
  2. Management review procedure
  3. Risk Management Policy
View full guide
A.5.37Organizational

Documented operating procedures

Write down operating procedures and make them available to those who need them.

Practical tip

Runbooks in a wiki are perfectly acceptable.

Control description

Operating procedures for information processing facilities shall be documented and made available to personnel who need them.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Written procedures for key IT and security tasks.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.5.37 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Procedures with version numbers, owners and review dates.
  4. Proof the procedures are available to the people who need them.
  5. Be able to show a task being done the way the procedure says.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.6.1People

Screening

Do background checks on candidates in line with law and the risk of the role.

Practical tip

Scale checks to the sensitivity of the role.

Control description

Background verification checks on all candidates to become personnel shall be carried out prior to joining the organization and on an ongoing basis taking into consideration applicable laws, regulations and ethics and be proportional to the business requirements, the classification of the information to be accessed and the perceived risks.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your screening policy: what background checks you do for each type of role (for example identity, right to work, references, and criminal checks where the law allows).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.1 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of people who joined in the last 12 months with proof their checks were completed before they started.
  4. Records of extra checks for higher-risk roles, such as finance or system administrators.
  5. Records showing how delayed or failed checks were approved or handled.
  6. HR should be able to explain the screening steps and what happens if a check raises a concern.
Policies & documents

Human Resource Security Policy

View full guide
A.6.2People

Terms and conditions of employment

Employment contracts should state security responsibilities.

Practical tip

Add a security clause to your standard contract.

Control description

The employment contractual agreements shall state the personnel’s and the organization’s responsibilities for information security.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your employment contract and contractor agreement templates, including security and confidentiality terms.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.2 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Signed contracts for a few recent starters and contractors.
  4. Proof contract terms are updated when policies change.
  5. HR should be able to explain how contract terms are kept current.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
  3. Information Security Roles and Responsibilities Policy
  4. Code of Conduct
View full guide
A.6.3People

Information security awareness, education and training

Train staff so they understand security and their responsibilities.

Practical tip

Short, regular training beats one long annual session.

Control description

Personnel of the organization and relevant interested parties shall receive appropriate information security awareness, education and training and regular updates of the organization's information security policy, topic-specific policies and procedures, as relevant for their job function.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your training plan: what security training each role needs and how often.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.3 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Training completion records for all staff, including new starters.
  4. Copies of the training content, showing it is up to date.
  5. Records of extra training for technical roles (developers, administrators, incident team).
  6. Results of phishing tests or short quizzes, if you use them.
  7. Staff should be able to explain how to report a security problem.
Policies & documents

Human Resource Security Policy

View full guide
A.6.4People

Disciplinary process

Have a formal, communicated process for handling security policy breaches.

Practical tip

Make sure HR and security agree on the process.

Control description

A disciplinary process shall be formalized and communicated to take actions against personnel and other relevant interested parties who have committed an information security policy violation

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your disciplinary process, mentioning security breaches.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.4 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records of any security-related disciplinary cases.
  4. Proof staff have been told about the process, such as in the handbook.
  5. HR should be able to explain how security breaches are handled.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.6.5People

Responsibilities after termination or change of employment

Security duties that continue after someone leaves must be defined and communicated.

Practical tip

Remind leavers of confidentiality duties in the exit interview.

Control description

Information security responsibilities and duties that remain valid after termination or change of employment shall be defined, enforced and communicated to relevant personnel and other interested parties.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your leaver process, including reminding people of duties that continue after they leave (such as confidentiality).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.5 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Exit letters or checklists showing leavers were reminded of ongoing duties.
  4. Records showing responsibilities and access were updated when people changed role.
  5. HR should be able to explain how this reminder is given.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Employee Termination Security Policy
View full guide
A.6.6People

Confidentiality or non-disclosure agreements

Use NDAs that reflect what needs protecting, and review them.

Practical tip

Keep signed NDAs where auditors can find them.

Control description

Confidentiality or non-disclosure agreements reflecting the organization’s needs for the protection of information shall be identified, documented, regularly reviewed and signed by personnel and other relevant interested parties.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your confidentiality agreement (NDA) templates.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.6 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Signed agreements for staff, contractors and third parties who see confidential information.
  4. Proof the templates are reviewed from time to time.
  5. Be able to explain when an NDA is required.
Policies & documents

Human Resource Resource Security policy

View full guide
A.6.7People

Remote working

Put security measures in place for people working outside the office.

Practical tip

Publish a remote working policy covering devices, Wi-Fi and screens.

Control description

Security measures shall be implemented when personnel are working remotely to protect information accessed, processed or stored outside the organization’s premises.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your remote working policy: rules for working from home or other locations.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.7 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of devices showing they meet the rules (encrypted, auto-locking, up to date).
  4. Proof staff have accepted the remote working rules.
  5. Settings showing remote access uses secure connections and multi-factor login.
  6. Remote staff should be able to explain how they keep information safe at home and in public.
Policies & documents
  1. Access Control Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.6.8People

Information security event reporting

Give people an easy way to report security events quickly.

Practical tip

One email address or button for 'report something odd'.

Control description

The organization shall provide a mechanism for personnel to report observed or suspected information security events through appropriate channels in a timely manner.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Simple instructions telling staff how to report something suspicious.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.6.8 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of reports from staff in your incident or ticket log.
  4. Training or poster material showing how to report.
  5. Staff should know where and how to report a security concern.
Policies & documents
  1. Human Resource Security Policy
  2. Incident Response Plan
  3. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.7.1Physical

Physical security perimeters

Define and protect the boundaries of areas holding sensitive information.

Practical tip

Map your secure areas on a floor plan.

Control description

Security perimeters shall be defined and used to protect areas that contain information and other associated assets.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your physical security policy, defining the secure boundary around offices and equipment rooms.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.1 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Site plans or notes showing entry points and how they are secured.
  4. Maintenance records for doors, locks and alarms.
  5. Be able to show that entrances are secure and in good condition.
Policies & documents
  1. ISMS scope statement
  2. Physical Security Policy
  3. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.2Physical

Physical entry

Control who can enter secure areas.

Practical tip

Badge access with visitor logs is the norm.

Control description

Secure areas shall be protected by appropriate entry controls and access points.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for entering buildings and handling visitors.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.2 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Visitor sign-in records showing visitors were logged and escorted.
  4. A list of who has keys or access badges, with approvals.
  5. Proof leavers' badges were switched off.
  6. Be able to show that entry is controlled and staff challenge strangers.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.3Physical

Securing offices, rooms and facilities

Design physical security for offices and rooms.

Practical tip

Don't signpost where the server room is.

Control description

Physical security for offices, rooms and facilities shall be designed and implemented.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for securing offices and rooms.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.3 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records of who holds keys or door codes for secure rooms.
  4. Proof door codes are changed when people leave.
  5. Be able to show that secure rooms are locked and sensitive information can't be seen from outside.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.4Physical

Physical security monitoring

Monitor premises for unauthorised physical access.

Practical tip

CCTV and alarms, with someone actually reviewing alerts.

Control description

Premises shall be continuously monitored for unauthorized physical access.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for monitoring premises (alarms, cameras, security staff).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.4 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Alarm and camera test or maintenance records.
  4. Records of how long footage is kept and who can view it.
  5. Be able to show monitoring equipment working and covering key areas.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.5Physical

Protecting against physical and environmental threats

Protect against fire, flood, power cuts and other physical threats.

Practical tip

Use your landlord's or data centre's evidence where relevant.

Control description

Protection against physical and environmental threats, such as natural disasters and other intentional or unintentional physical threats to infrastructure shall be designed and implemented.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your assessment of physical risks such as fire, flood and power cuts.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.5 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Maintenance records for fire detection, extinguishers and other protections.
  4. Records of any incidents, such as leaks, and the response.
  5. Be able to show how key equipment is protected from these risks.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.6Physical

Working in secure areas

Set rules for working inside secure areas.

Practical tip

No tailgating, no unaccompanied visitors.

Control description

Security measures for working in secure areas shall be designed and implemented.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for working in secure areas such as server or records rooms (for example no unaccompanied visitors, no photos).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.6 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of people allowed into secure areas, with approvals.
  4. Entry records for secure areas showing only authorized people went in.
  5. Escort records for visitors or contractors in secure areas.
  6. Signs or notices displaying the rules at the entrance.
  7. Be able to show that the rules are followed in practice.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.7Physical

Clear desk and clear screen

Keep desks clear of sensitive papers and lock screens when away.

Practical tip

Auto-lock screens after a few minutes.

Control description

Clear desk rules for papers and removable storage media and clear screen rules for information processing facilities shall be defined and appropriately enforced.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your clear desk and clear screen policy.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.7 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Results of clear desk spot checks.
  4. Settings showing screens lock automatically after a short time.
  5. Records of follow-up when spot checks found problems.
  6. Be able to show desks and printers free of sensitive papers.
Policies & documents
  1. Information Security Policy
  2. Physical Security Policy
View full guide
A.7.8Physical

Equipment siting and protection

Place and protect equipment to reduce physical risks and unauthorised access.

Practical tip

Keep printers with sensitive output in controlled spots.

Control description

Equipment shall be sited securely and protected.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for where equipment is placed and how it is protected.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.8 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list or plan of where key equipment is located.
  4. Notes on protections in place, such as locked racks, privacy screens or raised floors.
  5. Maintenance records for protective equipment.
  6. Records of any damage or incidents involving equipment.
  7. Be able to show that equipment is away from public view and protected from damage.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.9Physical

Security of assets off-premises

Protect devices and information taken outside the office.

Practical tip

Full-disk encryption on all laptops.

Control description

Off-site assets shall be protected.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for equipment used outside the office (for example laptops and phones).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.9 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of devices used off-site showing they are encrypted and can be located or wiped.
  4. Records of lost or stolen devices and what was done.
  5. Proof staff have accepted the rules for travelling with equipment.
  6. Staff should be able to explain how they protect devices when travelling.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.7.10Physical

Storage media

Manage storage media through its life: use, transport and disposal.

Practical tip

Restrict or block USB storage where you can.

Control description

Storage media shall be managed through their life cycle of acquisition, use, transportation and disposal in accordance with the organization’s classification scheme and handling requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for USB drives, external disks and other storage media.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.10 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Approval records for using removable media.
  4. Settings showing removable media is blocked or encrypted.
  5. Records of secure destruction of old media.
  6. Be able to show where any sensitive media is stored.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Data Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.11Physical

Supporting utilities

Protect against failures of power, cooling and other utilities.

Practical tip

UPS for critical kit; test it.

Control description

Information processing facilities shall be protected from power failures and other disruptions caused by failures in supporting utilities.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your requirements for power, cooling and internet connections for key equipment.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.11 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Test and maintenance records for backup power and cooling.
  4. Records of past outages and the response.
  5. If you use a data centre or cloud provider, their reports covering these protections.
  6. Be able to show protections in your equipment room, if you have one.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.12Physical

Cabling security

Protect power and network cables from interception, interference or damage.

Practical tip

Lock comms cabinets.

Control description

Cables carrying power, data or supporting information services shall be protected from interception, interference or damage.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your requirements for protecting power and network cables.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.12 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Cable diagrams or labelling records.
  4. Records showing unused network points are switched off.
  5. Maintenance records for cabling work.
  6. Be able to show that cables are tidy, protected and not exposed in public areas.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.13Physical

Equipment maintenance

Maintain equipment correctly so it stays available and secure.

Practical tip

Keep maintenance records and vendor contracts.

Control description

Equipment shall be maintained correctly to ensure availability, integrity and confidentiality of information.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your equipment maintenance process.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.13 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Maintenance records showing equipment is serviced as recommended.
  4. A list of approved maintenance providers.
  5. Records showing data was removed or protected before equipment went out for repair.
  6. Be able to explain how data is protected when equipment is repaired off-site.
Policies & documents
  1. Physical Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.7.14Physical

Secure disposal or re-use of equipment

Wipe or destroy data before disposing of or reusing equipment.

Practical tip

Get certificates of destruction from disposal vendors.

Control description

Items of equipment containing storage media shall be verified to ensure that any sensitive data and licensed software has been removed or securely overwritten prior to disposal or re-use.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for securely wiping or destroying equipment before reuse or disposal.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.7.14 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Wiping records or certificates of destruction.
  4. Asset inventory entries showing disposed items were marked as disposed.
  5. Your agreement with any disposal company.
  6. Be able to explain how drives are wiped before reuse.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Data Management Policy
View full guide
A.8.1Technological

User endpoint devices

Protect information on laptops, phones and other user devices.

Practical tip

Use MDM to enforce encryption, PINs and updates.

Control description

Information stored on, processed by or accessible via user endpoint devices shall be protected.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your device policy: security rules for laptops, phones and tablets.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.1 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of company devices showing they are managed and meet the rules (encryption, updates, screen lock, malware protection).
  4. Examples of devices that fell out of line and how they were fixed.
  5. Proof staff accepted the device rules.
  6. Be able to show how settings are enforced on devices.
Policies & documents
  1. Asset Management Policy
  2. Data Management Policy
  3. Information Security Policy
  4. Operations Security Policy
View full guide
A.8.2Technological

Privileged access rights

Restrict and manage admin-level access tightly.

Practical tip

Separate admin accounts from everyday accounts.

Control description

The allocation and use of privileged access rights shall be restricted and managed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for administrator (privileged) access: who gets it and how it is controlled.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.2 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of all administrator accounts, each with a reason and approval.
  4. Records of regular reviews of administrator access.
  5. Settings showing admins use separate accounts and multi-factor login.
  6. Administrators should be able to explain when they use their admin account.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.8.3Technological

Information access restriction

Restrict access to information in line with your access control policy.

Practical tip

Default-deny on shared drives and SaaS apps.

Control description

Access to information and other associated assets shall be restricted in accordance with the established topic-specific policy on access control.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your access control policy explaining how access to information is restricted.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.3 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Permission settings for sensitive folders and systems matching approved access.
  4. Sharing settings showing public or external sharing is controlled.
  5. Records of approvals for external sharing.
  6. Be able to show access restrictions on a sensitive folder or system.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.8.4Technological

Access to source code

Control who can read and change source code and related tools.

Practical tip

Use branch protection and code review.

Control description

Read and write access to source code, development tools and software libraries shall be appropriately managed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules on who can see and change source code.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.4 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of who can access your code repositories, reviewed regularly.
  4. Settings showing changes need review and approval before being merged.
  5. Proof that leavers lost repository access.
  6. Be able to show the repository protection settings.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.8.5Technological

Secure authentication

Use secure authentication technology and procedures.

Practical tip

MFA everywhere, phishing-resistant where possible.

Control description

Secure authentication technologies and procedures shall be implemented based on information access restrictions and the topic-specific policy on access control.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your login rules: multi-factor authentication, account lockout and session timeouts.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.5 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Settings from key systems showing these rules are switched on.
  4. A list of any exceptions, with approvals.
  5. Records of locked accounts or failed logins being looked into.
  6. Be able to show a login to a key system.
Policies & documents

Access Control Policy

View full guide
A.8.6Technological

Capacity management

Monitor and plan capacity so systems don't run out of resources.

Practical tip

Set alerts at 80% utilisation.

Control description

The use of resources shall be monitored and adjusted in line with current and expected capacity requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for monitoring system capacity (storage, processing power, bandwidth).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.6 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Capacity monitoring reports or alerts.
  4. Capacity plans for key systems.
  5. Records of capacity issues and how they were fixed.
  6. IT should be able to explain how they spot capacity problems early.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.7Technological

Protection against malware

Protect against malware with technology and user awareness.

Practical tip

EDR plus training on suspicious attachments.

Control description

Protection against malware shall be implemented and supported by appropriate user awareness.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your malware protection policy.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.7 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A report showing malware protection is installed, switched on and up to date on all devices and servers.
  4. Records of malware detections and how they were handled.
  5. Awareness material warning staff about malware.
  6. Be able to show the protection settings.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Information Security Policy
View full guide
A.8.8Technological

Management of technical vulnerabilities

Find and fix technical vulnerabilities in a timely way.

Practical tip

Define patch timelines by severity.

Control description

Information about technical vulnerabilities of information systems in use shall be obtained, the organization’s exposure to such vulnerabilities should be evaluated and appropriate measures should be taken.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your vulnerability management process: how often you scan, and how quickly you fix issues by severity.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.8 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Recent vulnerability scan reports.
  4. Examples of high and critical issues showing they were fixed on time.
  5. Patch status reports for devices and servers.
  6. Penetration test reports and the fix tracking.
  7. IT should be able to explain how they decide what to fix first.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Risk Management Policy
View full guide
A.8.9Technological

Configuration management

Define, document and control secure configurations of systems.

Practical tip

Use hardened baselines such as CIS Benchmarks.

Control description

Configurations, including security configurations, of hardware, software, services and networks shall be established, documented, implemented, monitored and reviewed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your standard secure settings (baselines) for key systems.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.9 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records showing systems are built using the baselines.
  4. Reports showing settings haven't drifted.
  5. Change records for any setting changes.
  6. Be able to compare one system against its baseline.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.10Technological

Information deletion

Delete information when it is no longer needed.

Practical tip

Automate deletion based on retention rules.

Control description

Information stored in information systems, devices or in any other storage media shall be deleted when no longer required.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for deleting information when it is no longer needed.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.10 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records showing data was deleted on schedule.
  4. Records of customer deletion requests being completed.
  5. Certificates or confirmation of deletion from suppliers where relevant.
  6. Be able to explain how deletion is carried out and checked.
Policies & documents

Data Management Policy

View full guide
A.8.11Technological

Data masking

Hide or obscure sensitive data where full data isn't needed.

Practical tip

Mask production data before using it in test.

Control description

Data masking shall be used in accordance with the organization’s topic-specific policy on access control and other related topic-specific policies, and business requirements, taking applicable legislation into consideration.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for hiding or scrambling sensitive data (data masking) where full data isn't needed.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.11 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Examples of masked data in test systems or reports.
  4. Approvals for any exceptions where real data was used.
  5. A list of which data fields must be masked.
  6. Be able to show masked data in a test environment.
Policies & documents

Data Management Policy

View full guide
A.8.12Technological

Data leakage prevention

Detect and prevent unauthorised disclosure of information.

Practical tip

Start with DLP rules for your most sensitive data types.

Control description

Data leakage prevention measures shall be applied to systems, networks and any other devices that process, store or transmit sensitive information.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules to stop sensitive data leaking out (data leakage prevention).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.12 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Settings showing controls on email, file sharing, uploads and USB drives.
  4. Alerts raised and how they were checked.
  5. Approved exceptions with reasons.
  6. Be able to show a control blocking or warning about sensitive data being sent out.
Policies & documents

Data Management Policy

View full guide
A.8.13Technological

Information backup

Take backups and test that they can be restored.

Practical tip

Follow the 3-2-1 rule and keep one copy offline/immutable.

Control description

Backup copies of information, software and systems shall be maintained and regularly tested in accordance with the agreed topic-specific policy on backup.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your backup policy: what is backed up, how often, how long it is kept and how backups are protected.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.13 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Backup logs showing backups run successfully.
  4. Restore test records showing backups actually work.
  5. Settings showing backups are protected and stored separately from live systems.
  6. Records of failed backups and how they were fixed.
  7. Be able to explain what happens when a backup fails.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.14Technological

Redundancy of information processing facilities

Build in enough redundancy to meet availability needs.

Practical tip

Multi-zone deployment for critical services.

Control description

Information processing facilities shall be implemented with redundancy sufficient to meet availability requirements.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your requirements for keeping key systems available, including backup systems (redundancy).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.14 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A diagram or description showing backup systems for critical services.
  4. Failover test results.
  5. Uptime or availability reports.
  6. IT should be able to explain how they know redundancy is working.
Policies & documents
  1. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan
  2. Operations Security Policy
View full guide
A.8.15Technological

Logging

Record activities, errors and security events, and protect the logs.

Practical tip

Centralise logs so attackers can't easily erase them.

Control description

Logs that record activities, exceptions, faults and other relevant events shall be produced, stored, protected and analysed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your logging policy: which activities are recorded, how long logs are kept and how they are protected.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.15 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Settings showing logging is switched on for key systems, including administrator activity.
  4. Log retention settings.
  5. Proof that logs can't be changed or deleted by ordinary users.
  6. Be able to show a sample log with who did what and when.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.16Technological

Monitoring activities

Monitor networks and systems for unusual behaviour and act on it.

Practical tip

Tune alerts so the team actually reads them.

Control description

Networks, systems and applications shall be monitored for anomalous behaviour and appropriate actions taken to evaluate potential information security incidents.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your monitoring process: what is watched and what happens when something unusual happens.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.16 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Alert records and the tickets showing they were investigated.
  4. A screenshot or export of alert settings showing thresholds and who gets notified.
  5. Reports of monitoring trends reviewed by IT.
  6. Be able to show who receives alerts and how quickly they respond.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.17Technological

Clock synchronization

Synchronise system clocks to a trusted time source.

Practical tip

Use NTP; it makes incident timelines possible.

Control description

The clocks of information processing systems used by the organization shall be synchronized to approved time sources.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rule that all systems use the same trusted time source.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.17 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Settings from key systems showing they sync to the approved time source.
  4. A sample of logs from different systems showing matching timestamps.
  5. Records of any time sync problems and how they were fixed.
  6. Your list of key systems covered by the rule.
  7. Be able to show timestamps lining up across two systems.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.18Technological

Use of privileged utility programs

Restrict tools that can override system or application controls.

Practical tip

Remove or lock down admin utilities on endpoints.

Control description

The use of utility programs that can be capable of overriding system and application controls shall be restricted and tightly controlled.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for powerful utility programs that can override security settings.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.18 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of who can use these programs, with approvals.
  4. Settings restricting their use to authorized people.
  5. Logs showing when they were used.
  6. Records of regular reviews of who has access.
  7. Be able to explain why each person needs access.
Policies & documents
  1. Access Control Policy
  2. Operations Security Policy
View full guide
A.8.19Technological

Installation of software on operational systems

Control software installation on live systems.

Practical tip

Allow-list approved software.

Control description

Procedures and measures shall be implemented to securely manage software installation on operational systems.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for approving software installation.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.19 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A list of approved software.
  4. Approval records for recent installs.
  5. Settings stopping ordinary users from installing software.
  6. Reports of unapproved software found and removed.
  7. Be able to show that a normal user can't install unapproved software.
Policies & documents
  1. Information Security Policy
  2. Operations Security Policy
View full guide
A.8.20Technological

Networks security

Secure and manage networks to protect information.

Practical tip

Document your network diagram and firewall rules.

Control description

Networks and network devices shall be secured, managed and controlled to protect information in systems and applications.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your network security requirements.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.20 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. An up-to-date network diagram.
  4. Records of firewall rule reviews.
  5. Configuration records for network devices.
  6. Records of network security changes and their approval.
  7. Be able to explain how your network is protected from outside threats.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.21Technological

Security of network services

Define and monitor security for network services, internal or outsourced.

Practical tip

Include security SLAs with your ISP/network providers.

Control description

Security mechanisms, service levels and service requirements of network services shall be identified, implemented and monitored.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your security requirements for network services (internet, VPN, hosting connections).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.21 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Contracts or service descriptions from network providers showing security features.
  4. Monitoring records for network services.
  5. Records of service issues and how they were handled.
  6. A list of network services in use with owners.
  7. Be able to explain how network services are secured.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.8.22Technological

Segregation of networks

Separate groups of systems, users and services on networks.

Practical tip

Put guest Wi-Fi on its own network.

Control description

Groups of information services, users and information systems shall be segregated in the organization’s networks.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for separating networks (for example guests, staff, servers, test and live).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.22 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. A network diagram showing separate segments.
  4. Rules controlling traffic between segments.
  5. Records of reviews of those rules.
  6. Approvals for any exceptions.
  7. Be able to show that the guest network can't reach internal systems.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.23Technological

Web filtering

Control access to external websites to reduce exposure to malicious content.

Practical tip

Block known-malicious categories via DNS filtering.

Control description

Access to external websites shall be managed to reduce exposure to malicious content.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your web filtering rules: which types of websites are blocked.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.23 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Filtering settings and blocked categories.
  4. Records of blocked attempts.
  5. Approval records for any exceptions.
  6. Reviews of the blocked list.
  7. Be able to show a blocked website warning.
Policies & documents

Operations Security Policy

View full guide
A.8.24Technological

Use of cryptography

Define and apply rules for effective use of cryptography and key management.

Practical tip

Write a short crypto standard listing approved algorithms.

Control description

Rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, shall be defined and implemented.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your encryption policy: when encryption must be used and how keys are managed.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.24 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Settings showing sensitive data is encrypted when stored and when sent.
  4. A list of encryption keys and certificates with owners and expiry dates.
  5. Records of keys being changed or revoked.
  6. Proof certificates are renewed before they expire.
  7. Be able to show encryption settings on a key system.
Policies & documents

Cryptography Policy

View full guide
A.8.25Technological

Secure development life cycle

Set rules for developing software and systems securely.

Practical tip

Add security gates to your CI/CD pipeline.

Control description

Rules for the secure development of software and systems shall be established and applied.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your secure development policy: how security is built into each stage of building software.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.25 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Records showing security steps at each stage, such as design reviews and testing.
  4. Training records for developers.
  5. Release checklists that include security.
  6. Developers should be able to explain how security fits into their work.
Policies & documents

Secure Development Policy

View full guide
A.8.26Technological

Application security requirements

Identify and approve security requirements when building or buying applications.

Practical tip

Include security criteria in vendor selection.

Control description

Information security requirements shall be identified, specified and approved when developing or acquiring applications.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for defining security requirements for new or changed applications.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.26 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Security requirements written into feature or project specifications.
  4. Test results showing those requirements were checked.
  5. Sign-off before release.
  6. Product owners should be able to explain how requirements are decided.
Policies & documents
  1. Secure Development Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.8.27Technological

Secure system architecture and engineering principles

Establish and apply principles for engineering secure systems.

Practical tip

Document principles like defence-in-depth and zero trust.

Control description

Principles for engineering secure systems shall be established, documented, maintained and applied to any information system development activities.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your secure design principles (for example least privilege and defence in depth).
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.27 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Design documents showing the principles were applied.
  4. Records of security design reviews.
  5. Proof the principles are reviewed and updated.
  6. Architects or senior developers should be able to explain the principles.
Policies & documents

Secure Development Policy

View full guide
A.8.28Technological

Secure coding

Apply secure coding principles to software development.

Practical tip

Use SAST tools and OWASP guidance.

Control description

Secure coding principles shall be applied to software development.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your secure coding standards.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.28 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Code review records showing security was checked.
  4. Automated code scan results and fixes.
  5. Developer training on secure coding.
  6. Be able to walk through a recent code review.
Policies & documents

Secure Development Policy

View full guide
A.8.29Technological

Security testing in development and acceptance

Test security during development and before go-live.

Practical tip

Pen test major releases.

Control description

Security testing processes shall be defined and implemented in the development life cycle.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your security testing requirements for new releases.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.29 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Security test results for recent releases.
  4. Acceptance test records.
  5. Approvals for any release that went out with known issues.
  6. Testers should be able to explain what security testing covers.
Policies & documents

Secure Development Policy

View full guide
A.8.30Technological

Outsourced development

Direct, monitor and review outsourced development work.

Practical tip

Contractually require secure coding and code access.

Control description

The organization shall direct, monitor and review the activities related to outsourced system development.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your requirements for outsourced (third-party) software development.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.30 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Contracts with external developers including security terms.
  4. Records of how their work was supervised.
  5. Test results for code they delivered.
  6. Be able to explain how outsourced work is checked.
Policies & documents
  1. Secure Development Policy
  2. Third-Party Management Policy
View full guide
A.8.31Technological

Separation of development, test and production environments

Keep development, test and production environments apart and secured.

Practical tip

Different credentials per environment.

Control description

Development, testing and production environments shall be separated and secured.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for keeping development, test and live (production) systems separate.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.31 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Access lists showing who can reach the live environment.
  4. A diagram or description showing separate environments.
  5. Approvals for any developer access to live systems.
  6. Be able to show the separation in practice.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Secure Development Policy
View full guide
A.8.32Technological

Change management

Control changes to systems and information processing facilities.

Practical tip

Every production change needs a ticket and approval.

Control description

Changes to information processing facilities and information systems shall be subject to change management procedures.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your change management process: how changes are requested, assessed, approved, tested and rolled back if needed.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.32 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Recent change tickets showing approval, testing and a back-out plan.
  4. Emergency change records reviewed after the fact.
  5. Your change log or calendar.
  6. Be able to walk through how a change gets approved.
Policies & documents
  1. Operations Security Policy
  2. Secure Development Policy
View full guide
A.8.33Technological

Test information

Choose, protect and manage test data appropriately.

Practical tip

Prefer synthetic data over real customer data.

Control description

Test information shall be appropriately selected, protected and managed.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your rules for choosing and protecting test data.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.33 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Approvals for any use of real data in testing.
  4. Records showing test data was removed when no longer needed.
  5. Settings restricting access to test data.
  6. Be able to explain where test data comes from.
Policies & documents
  1. Data Management Policy
  2. Secure Development Policy
View full guide
A.8.34Technological

Protection of information systems during audit testing

Plan audits and tests so they don't disrupt operational systems.

Practical tip

Agree scope and timing of technical audits in advance.

Control description

Audit tests and other assurance activities involving assessment of operational systems shall be planned and agreed between the tester and appropriate management.

Evidence you need to provide
  1. Your process for planning audits and technical tests on live systems so they don't cause disruption.
  2. Your Statement of Applicability (SoA: the list of all 93 controls showing which you use and why) with A.8.34 marked as used or not used, a short reason, and its current status.
  3. Plans and approvals for recent audits or technical tests.
  4. Records of when tests ran and who ran them.
  5. Notes of any disruption and the follow-up.
  6. IT should be able to explain how testing impact is kept low.
Policies & documents
  1. Internal audit procedure
  2. Operations Security Policy
  3. Risk Management Policy
View full guide